What is Myocardial Infarcation?
Myocardial Infarction (MI), also known as heart attack is caused when blood supply decreases or completely stops to a portion of the myocardium (heart muscle). A heart attack may be silent and go unnoticed; or else it could be fatal resulting in hemodynamic deterioration and sudden death.
Without a blood supply, the oxygen supply to the heart is disrupted. Prolonged lack of oxygen results in heart muscle damage and they begin to die.
Types of myocardial infarction
There can be a complete or partial blockage of the coronary artery. There are three types of acute MI. They are as follows -
- A complete blockage indicates an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- A partial blockage indicates a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).
- Coronary spasm or unstable angina
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Get Second OpinionMyocardial Infarction (heart attack)
The heart attack symptoms can vary from one person to another.
They are as follows -
- Chest pain or discomfort - A heart attack may involve chest discomfort in the centre or left side of the chest. It stays for sev
What is it?
A heart attack occurs when one of the heart's coronary arteries is blocked suddenly or has extremely slow blood flow. A heart attack also is called a myocardial infarction.
The usual cause of sudden blockage in a coronary artery is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus). The blood clot typically forms inside a coronary artery that already has been narrowed by atherosclerosis, a condition in which fatty deposits (plaques) build up along the inside walls of blood vessels.
Slow blood flow in a coronary artery can happen when the heart is beating very fast or the person has low blood pressure. If the demand for oxygen is greater than the supply, a heart attack can happen without formation of a blood clot. People with atherosclerosis are also more likely to have this reason for a heart attack.
Each coronary artery supplies blood to a specific part of the heart's muscular wall, so a blocked artery causes pain and malfunction in the area it supplies. Depending on the location and amount of heart muscle involved, this malfunction can seriously interfere with the heart's ability to pump blood. Also, some of the coronary arteries supply areas of the heart that
Hjärtinfarkt
Hjärtinfarkt, ibland kallat hjärtattack, innebär förlust av hjärtmuskelceller orsakad av långvarig akut syrebrist (hypoxi),[1] till följd av att en blodpropp bildas i kranskärlen i hjärtat. Detta upplevs ofta som bröstsmärta, men kan också ge diffusa symtom.[2] Akut hjärtinfarkt är den vanligaste dödsorsaken i Sverige.[3]
Hjärtinfarkt ingår i begreppet akut kranskärlssjukdom tillsammans med instabil angina pectoris (instabil kärlkramp).
Hjärtinfarkt kan beskrivas antingen efter vilken anatomisk del av hjärtat som drabbas (till exempel en bakväggs- eller framväggsinfarkt), efter hur stor del av hjärtmuskelväggen som dör (transmural eller subendokardiell infarkt), eller efter vad EKG visar (ST-höjningsinfarkt, icke-ST-höjningsinfarkt).
Den dominerande orsaken till hjärtinfarkt är att ett aterosklerotiskt plack, en inlagring av fett i kärlväggen, går sönder. När blodet kommer i kontakt med dess innehåll, levrar det sig inne i kärlet och förhindrar blodflödet. Risken för hjärtinfarkt ökar av livsstilsfaktorer, såsom fetma, metabolt syndrom, rökning och stress.[4]
Diagnostik
Diagnosen hjärtinfarkt kräver dels bevis på
Myocardial infarction
Interruption of cardiac blood supply
"Heart attack" redirects here. For other uses, see Heart attack (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with cardiac arrest, heart failure, or heart block.
Medical condition
Myocardial infarction Other names Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart attack A myocardial infarction occurs when an atheroscleroticplaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, causing catastrophic thrombus formation, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream to the heart muscle. Specialty Cardiology, emergency medicine Symptoms Chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea/vomiting, dizziness or lightheadedness, cold sweat, feeling tired; arm, neck, back, jaw, or stomach pain,[1][2]decreased level or total loss of consciousness Complications Heart failure, irregular heartbeat, cardiogenic shock, coma, cardiac arrest[3][4] Causes Angina or coronary artery disease usually[3] Risk factors High blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol[5][6 .